Your actual result vs. the laziest possible alternative — a global index fund, dividends reinvested, zero effort. Net of fees and friction on both sides. No spin.
What each asset returned over the long run vs. the lazy default — a global index fund. Real (inflation-adjusted) annualised returns. The wall is mostly red on purpose.
| What you could have done | vs. global index (~5% real) | Verdict |
|---|---|---|
|
Active / mutual funds
92% of US funds lag over 20yr · 98% of EU global-equity funds over 10yr (SPIVA)
|
−1.5% | No |
|
Individual stock-picking
Median investor lags the asset itself by 1.5–2% p.a. on timing (DALBAR)
|
−1.7% | No |
|
Gold
Inflation hedge, not a compounder. Real CAGR since 1970
|
−2.9% | No |
|
Cash / savings account
Structurally negative in real terms. Inflation is the silent tax
|
−6.0% | No |
|
Residential property
Jordà et al., 16 countries 1870–2015. Matches equities at lower volatility — leverage and rent shift it further
|
+1.6% | Toss-up |
|
Crypto (the asset)
The asset won big — but the median buyer lagged it badly on entry timing
|
+ (volatile) | Yes* |
The global index — MSCI ACWI, dividends reinvested — has returned ~5% real per year over the long run. Two things beat it: property (once you account for leverage and rent) and crypto as an asset. But the median crypto investor still lagged, because the asset winning and you winning are different things. On the money alone, doing nothing has been hard to beat. Sources: SPIVA (S&P Global), DALBAR, Jordà et al. (The Rate of Return on Everything).